ABSTRACT Recent data from meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) suggest that dietary intake of coconut oil, rich in saturated fatty acids, does not result in cardiometabolic benefits, nor in improvements in anthropometric, lipid, glycemic, and subclinical inflammation parameters. Nevertheless, its consumption has surged in recent years all over the world, a phenomenon which can possibly be explained by an increasing belief among health professionals that this oil is as healthy as, or perhaps even healthier than, other oils, in addition to social network misinformation spread. The objective of this review is to present nutritional and epidemiological aspects related to coconut oil, its relationship with metabolic and cardiovascular health, as well as possible hypotheses to explain its high rate of consumption, in spite of the most recent data regarding its actual effects. metaanalyses meta analyses RCTs (RCTs acids benefits anthropometric lipid glycemic parameters Nevertheless world than oils spread effects

Resumo Introdução A sistematização de informações sobre o fenômeno do suicídio é imprescindível para subsidiar o planejamento de ações e estratégias de intervenção. Objetivo Descrever características epidemiológicas da mortalidade por suicídio no estado do Rio Grande do Sul de 2010 a 2016. Método Os dados foram obtidos a partir do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade e analisados segundo variáveis sociodemográficas. Foi utilizado o método de Prais-Winsten para estimar a variação média anual e indicar a tendência dos coeficientes. Resultados Foram registrados 7.796 óbitos no período analisado, correspondendo a um coeficiente médio de 10,7 por 100 mil habitantes. Aproximadamente 80% dos suicídios foram de homens e 40% do total se concentrou entre 40 e 59 anos de idade. Os coeficientes mais altos foram encontrados entre pessoas idosas. Foi verificada tendência de mortalidade crescente para mulheres e decrescente para homens na faixa etária de 20 a 29 anos. Entre 10 e 14 anos de idade, foi identificada tendência crescente para o sexo feminino. Na média do período, os maiores coeficientes concentraram-se no centro e norte do estado. Conclusão São sugeridos estudos aprofundados nas regiões e nos grupos prioritários apontados, a fim de subsidiar o aprimoramento de políticas públicas para a prevenção do suicídio.

Abstract Background The systematization of information about the phenomenon of suicide is crucial to support action planning and intervention strategies. Objective To describe the epidemiological characteristics of suicide mortality in the State of Rio Grande do Sul from 2010 to 2016. Method The data were collected from the Mortality Information System and analyzed according to sociodemographic variables. The Prais-Winsten method estimated the annual average variation and indicated the trend of mortality coefficients. Results We found 7,796 deaths recorded in the period, corresponding to an average coefficient of 10.7 per 100 thousand inhabitants. Approximately 80% of the suicides were of men, and 40% of the total were concentrated between the ages of 40 and 59. The highest coefficients were found among the elderly population. There was a trend of increasing mortality for women and decreasing for men in the age group of 20 to 29. An increasing trend was identified for females between the ages of 10 and 14. On average, the highest coefficients were concentrated in the center and north of the state. Conclusion We suggest in-depth studies to be carried out in the regions and priority groups mentioned to help improve public policies for suicide prevention.

Objective. To determine the concentration of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and chromium (Cr) and establish the possible association of these heavy metals with some sociodemographic factors. Material and methods. A representative sample of one hundred dental students from the National Autonomous University of Mexico living in Mexico City participated in this study. Unstimulated human whole saliva samples were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. Results. Concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Cr were higher than those reported elsewhere: Pb ( <img src="http:/img/fbpe/spm/v39n3/x.gif" alt="x.gif (130 bytes)" > or = 3.10 <FONT FACE="Symbol">m</font> g/dL-1; Maximum: 16.8 mu g/dL-1 and Minimum: 0.04 mu g/dL-1), Cd ( <img src="http:/img/fbpe/spm/v39n3/x.gif" alt="x.gif (130 bytes)" > or = 0.25 mu g/dL-1; Maximum: 2.04 mu g/dL-1 and Minimum: 0.004 mu g/dL-1) and Cr ( <img src="http:/img/fbpe/spm/v39n3/x.gif" alt="x.gif (130 bytes)" > or = 1.43 mu g/dL-1; Maximum: 4.82 mu g/dL-1 and Minimum: 0.05 mu g/dL-1). No association was found between the variables studied (age, sex, geographic area and canned food consumption) with Pb and Cr. However, an inverse association was found between Cd and age (chi2= 5.9012, p<= 0.05); (gamma= -0.5224, p<= 0.05). Conclusions. Salivary monitoring can be used for detection of environmental pollutants (atmospheric or occupational), in addition for detection of drugs, and local and systemic diseases. Heavy metal pollution continues to be a public health problem, and therefore the government should form a program for eliminating pollutants from the environment. Likewise, other studies should be carried out to verify the association between variables such as sex, age, use of glazed ceramics, nutrition, and home address with the concentrations of heavy metals in saliva.

Objetivo. Determinar las concentraciones de plomo, cadmio y cromo, y establecer su posible asociación con diferentes factores sociodemográficos. Material y métodos. Se seleccionó una muestra representativa de 100 estudiantes de posgrado de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), a los cuales se les colectó saliva total no estimulada. Dichas muestras fueron analizadas por espectrofotometría de absorción atómica con horno de grafito. Resultados. Metales pesados como el plomo, el cadmio y el cromo se encuentran en concentraciones mucho más altas que las informadas en la literatura: Pb, <img src="http:/img/fbpe/spm/v39n3/x.gif" alt="x.gif (130 bytes)"> = 3.10 <FONT FACE="Symbol">m</font> g/dL-1, máxima: 16.8 my g/dL-1, y mínima: 0.04 my g/dL-1; Cd, <img src="http:/img/fbpe/spm/v39n3/x.gif" alt="x.gif (130 bytes)"> = 0.25 my g/dL-1, máxima: 2.04 my g/dL-1, y mínima: 0.004 my g/dL-1; y Cr, <img src="http:/img/fbpe/spm/v39n3/x.gif" alt="x.gif (130 bytes)"> = 1.43 my g/dL-1, máxima: 4.82 my g/dL-1, y mínima: 0.05 my g/dL-1. Asimismo, variables como la zona de residencia, el sexo, la edad y la ingesta de comida enlatada no influyen en los niveles de plomo y cromo. Sin embargo, en el caso del cadmio y la edad existe una asociación inversa (ji²= 5.9012, p<= 0.05; gamma = -0.5224, p<= 0.05). Conclusiones. La sialoquímica juega un papel importante en la detección de contaminantes, fármacos, drogas y enfermedades locales y sistémicas. La contaminación por metales pesados sigue siendo un problema de salud pública, por lo que el gobierno debe consolidar un programa cuyo objetivo sea eliminar los diferentes contaminantes del ambiente. Asimismo, se deben realizar otros estudios para verificar la asociación de variables como sexo, edad, uso de cerámica vidriada, alimentación y zona de residencia con las concentraciones de metales pesados en saliva.